Thì quá khứ hoàn thành là một trong 6 thì cơ bản cho người mới bắt đầu học ngữ pháp tiếng Anh. Trong bài viết này, Edmicro cùng bạn điểm qua những lý thuyết quan trọng của thì này, đồng thời cung cấp bài tập để bạn thực hành ngay bên dưới.
Cách dùng thì quá khứ hoàn thành
Thì quá khứ hoàn thành (Past Perfect) diễn tả một sự việc xảy ra trước một mốc thời gian hoặc trước một sự việc khác trong quá khứ.
Ví dụ:
- People had been safely evacuated before the mudslide struck the village (Mọi người đã được di rời an toàn trước khi khối bùn đổ ập xuống ngôi làng).
- The team had already won several matches before the championship game. (Đội đã giành chiến thắng ở một số trận đấu trước trận chung kết.)
Công thức thì quá khứ hoàn thành
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Dấu hiệu nhận biết
Để dễ dàng nhận biết thì này trong câu, các bạn có thể dựa vào một vài dấu hiệu nhận biết sau đây.
- by, by the time, when + thời gian/ hành động trong quá khứ
- before + hành động trong quá khứ
- after….., hành động trong quá khứ
Bài tập vận dụng
Exercise 1: Write the correct form of the verbs in brackets to complete the following sentences.
My family (1. manage) __________ to arrive at the airport in time before the plane took off.
Phong Nha Cave was much more impressive than I (2. expect)__________ . We decided to change our destinations after we (3. book) __________ the flight tickets.They took a break after they (4. reach)__________ the summit. Before going to Nha Trang, I (5. not/enjoy) __________ such mesmerizing sunset on a beach.
ĐÁP ÁN:
- had managed
- had expected
- had booked
- had reached
- hadn’t enjoyed
Exercise 2: Give the correct form of the verbs in brackets to complete the following sentences
1. I__________ (not/bring) an umbrella by the time I left home.
2. My family__________ (prepare) a household emergency plan for the tornado before it hit the area.
3. I got stuck in a blizzard because I __________ (forget) to watch the weather forecast.
4. My house __________ completely __________ (destroy) by the flood before the rescue team arrived.
5. After the hurricane __________ (pass), our neighbors helped us to clean up.
ĐÁP ÁN:
- hadn’t brought
- had prepared
- had forgotten
- had been/ destroyed
- had passed
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Exercise 3: Choose the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the sentence
- When the boss _______ into the office, his secretary _______, and the accountant _______ on the phones.
A. had been walking / had typed / talked
B. had walked / was typing / had talked
C. walked / was typing / was talking
D. was walking / has been typing / has been talking
- Cecil ______ his dog before he _____ to work.
A. feed – go
B. had fed – went
C. had feed – went
D. fed – had gone
- The teacher ______ the assignment by the time I arrived at the class.
A. had explained
B. had explain
C. explained
D. is explaining
- They ______ home after they ______ a big roasted chicken.
A. had gone – had eated
B. had gone – had eaten
C. went – had eaten
D. went – ate
- By the time Kate ______ a mouse, her cat ______ it.
A. had caught – did
B. cought – had done
C. catched – had do
D. caught – had done
- After Tom ______ the Louvre, he ______ a hot-dog.
A. had visited – ate
B. had visit – ate
C. visited – had eat
D. visited – eaten
- We ______ to watch a film that we ______ before.
A. wanted – hadn’t seen
B. had wanted – hadn’t saw
C. wanted – didn’t see
D. had wanted – hadn’t seen
- We ______ to London because the Queen ______ us for tea.
A. had gone – invited
B. went – invited
C. went – had invited
D. had gone – had invited
ĐÁP ÁN
- C
- B
- A
- C
- B
- A
- A
- C
Bài viết đã giới thiệu các kiến thức cần nhớ về thì quá khứ hoàn thành. Edmicro hy vọng bạn có thể áp dụng các kiến thức này vào các bài tập bên trên và rút ra kinh nghiệm làm bài cho riêng mình.
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