IELTS General Writing sẽ được Edmicro IELTS hướng dẫn chi tiết các bước và tổng hợp bài mẫu theo dạng, chủ đề trong bài viết dưới đây!
Tổng quan về IELTS General Writing
IELTS General Writing (Tổng quát) đánh giá khả năng viết tiếng Anh trong môi trường thực tế hàng ngày. IELTS Tổng quát dành cho những người muốn sống và làm việc ở nước ngoài. Hình thức thi này tập trung nhiều hơn vào sự tự tin và thoải mái khi giao tiếp.
General Writing khác biệt với Academic Writing ở chủ đề và yêu cầu bài viết của task 1. Bài viết task 2 của IELTS Học thuật và IELTS Tổng quát là giống nhau.
| General Writing | Academic Writing |
| Chủ đề của bài thi viết IELTS Tổng quát sẽ xoay quanh những vấn đề trong cuộc sống, yêu cầu bài viết đơn giản hơn. | Chủ đề của bài thi viết IELTS Học thuật được lấy từ các nghiên cứu của bậc đại học hoặc sau đại học. |
| Viết một lá thư dựa trên một tình huống nhất định. Đề bài có thể là một lời yêu cầu, lời giải thích hoặc quan điểm ủng hộ. Bức thư có thể được viết dưới phong cách trang trọng hoặc không. | Đề bài thường là một biểu đồ, đồ thị hoặc sơ đồ. Sau đó, thí sinh phải phân tích dữ liệu và diễn giải theo cách của họ. Phong cách viết là nghiêm túc, trang trọng. |
XEM THÊM: Cấu Trúc Đề Thi IELTS Chi Tiết Và Những Thông Tin Cần Biết
IELTS Tổng quát Writing Task 1 – Hướng dẫn
Giới thiệu IELTS Writing Task 1 dạng tổng quát
- IELTS Tổng quát Writing Task 1 là phần 1 của bài thi viết, chiếm 1/3 tổng điểm toàn bài.
- Bài viết Task 1 cần có độ dài tối thiểu là 150 từ.
- Thời gian làm bài của IELTS Writing Task 1 dạng tổng quát là 20 phút.
- IELTS Tổng quát Writing Task 1 sẽ viết 1 lá thu là một lời yêu cầu, lời giải thích hoặc quan điểm ủng hộ.
Về tiêu chí chấm điểm, IELTS Writing Task 1 sẽ có những tiêu chí như sau:
- Task achievement: Bài viết được viết để giải quyết hoặc trả lời câu hỏi/ vấn đề của đề bài đưa ra.
- Coherence and Cohesion: Đây là tiêu chí chấm cho bố cục mạch lạc và rõ ràng của bài viết.
- Lexical resource: Từ vựng được người thi sử dụng đa dạng.
- Grammatical range and accuracy: Các cấu trúc ngữ pháp được sử dụng phù hợp và chính xác.
Cách làm
| Phân tích yêu cầu về lá thư | Hãy gạch chân những từ khóa quan trọng về hoàn cảnh bức thư; người nhận là ai và những điều mà bạn phải đề cập đến trong bức thư (thể hiện ở những chấm đầu dòng) |
| Cấu trúc bài | Cấu trúc của lá thư bao gồm 3 phần chính:Lời chào hỏi (Dear sir/madam, Dear John, Dear Mr. Smith).Phần thân bài (bao gồm các đoạn văn cho từng ý được nêu trong câu hỏi).Lời chào kết thúc (Yours sincerely, Yours faithfully, Best wishes, Kind regards, Love).Nếu trong phần hướng dẫn không yêu cầu thì bạn không nên viết bất kỳ địa chỉ trong thư nhé. |
| Các yêu cầu cụ thể | Nêu rõ mục đích viết thư. Văn phong phù hợp. Trình bày và nêu bật được tất cả những chấm đầu dòng trong câu hỏi. Cấu trúc đúng chuẩn của một bức thư. |
IELTS Tổng quát Writing Task 1 – Bài mẫu theo 5 dạng thường gặp
Bài mẫu IELTS Writing Task 1 dạng tổng quát sẽ được tổng hợp thành 5 dạng viết thư thường gặp: thư cho lời khuyên, thư xin việc, thư yêu cầu, thư phàn nàn và thư xin lỗi.
Thư cho lời khuyên – Letter of Advice
Đề bài
Recently you saw an article in a newspaper/journal about a city/town you know and some of the information in the article was incorrect. Write a letter to the editor regarding this.
In your letter, you should tell:
How do you know about this city/town?
What information was incorrect?
What should the editor do about this?
Bài mẫu
Dear Editor,
I am writing to you regarding an article published in your newspaper about the city of Hanoi, Vietnam. I am a resident of Thanh Xuân Bắc, Hà Nội, Việt Nam, and I have been living here for the past 10 years. I read the article with great interest, but I was disappointed to find that some of the information presented was incorrect.
Firstly, the article stated that the city has a population of 6 million people. However, according to the latest census conducted by the Vietnamese government, the population of Hanoi is approximately 8 million people . This is a significant difference, and I believe it is important to present accurate information to your readers.
Secondly, the article mentioned that the city has only one university. This is also incorrect. In fact, Hanoi has several universities, including the Vietnam National University, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, and Hanoi University of Education, to name a few . It is important to provide accurate information about the city’s educational institutions, especially for students who are considering studying in Hanoi.
I hope that you will take my concerns seriously and make the necessary corrections to the article. I look forward to reading more accurate and informative articles in your newspaper in the future.
Sincerely, [Your name]
Thư xin việc – Job Application Letter
Đề bài
You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.
You are looking for a part-time job at a football club. Write a letter to the manager of the football club. In your letter:
Introduce yourself.
Explain what experience and special skills you have.
Tell him/her when you think you could start.
Bài mẫu
Dear Manager,
I am writing to express my interest in the part-time job opening at your football club. My name is Bing, and I am a recent graduate from the University of Washington. I have been a passionate football fan for many years and have played the sport since I was a child. I believe that my experience and skills make me an ideal candidate for this position.
I have played football for over 10 years and have experience playing in various positions, including midfield and defense. I have also coached a youth football team for two years, which has given me valuable experience in managing a team and developing players’ skills. In addition, I have excellent communication skills and am able to work well in a team environment.
I am available to start immediately and am willing to work flexible hours to accommodate the needs of the club. I am confident that my experience and skills make me an ideal candidate for this position, and I look forward to hearing from you soon.
Sincerely, [Your name]
Thư yêu cầu – Letter of Request
Đề bài
You have missed some important papers accidently in a taxi.Write a letter to the manager of the Taxi company. In your letter:
Give the details of your journey.
Explain why those papers are important for you?
Suggest what can the manager do?
Bài mẫu
Dear Manager,
I am writing to inform you that I have accidentally left some important papers in one of your taxis. The journey was from my home in Thanh Xuân Bắc, Hà Nội, Việt Nam to the airport on December 11, 2023, at around 9:00 AM.
The papers are very important to me as they contain confidential information about my business. They are also required for a meeting that I have scheduled for tomorrow. I would be grateful if you could locate the papers and return them to me as soon as possible.
I suggest that you could check the taxi’s logbook to identify the driver who was on duty at that time. You could then contact the driver and ask him to check the vehicle for the papers. If the papers are found, I would appreciate it if you could contact me to arrange for their return.
I hope that you will take this matter seriously and do everything possible to locate the papers. I look forward to hearing from you soon.
Sincerely, [Your name]
Thư phàn nàn – Letter of Complaint
Đề bài
Write a letter to your local council that the road in front of your house is damaged. In your letter, you should:
Tell him your name and where you are living.
Describe the problem.
Suggest what you want him to do for it.
Bài mẫu
Dear Sir/Madam,
I am writing to bring to your attention the poor condition of the road in front of my house. My name is Bing, and I live at Thanh Xuân Bắc, Hà Nội, Việt Nam. The road has been in a state of disrepair for several months now, and it is causing inconvenience to the residents of the area.
The road is full of potholes and cracks, which makes it difficult to drive on. It is also a safety hazard for pedestrians, especially during the rainy season when the potholes fill with water. The condition of the road is worsening day by day, and it is becoming increasingly difficult to navigate.
I would like to request that the council take immediate action to repair the road. I suggest that the road be resurfaced and the potholes filled. This will not only improve the safety of the road but also make it easier for residents to travel.
I hope that you will take my concerns seriously and take the necessary steps to repair the road. I look forward to hearing from you soon.
Sincerely, [Your name]
Thư xin lỗi – Letter of Apology
Đề bài
You visited a town last month and told your friend that you would like to meet. However, you could not make it. Write a letter to your friend. In your letter, you should:
Express your apology.
Why could you not meet?
Making arrangements to meet him/her.
Bài mẫu
Dear [Friend’s Name],
I hope this letter finds you in good health and high spirits. I am writing to apologize for not being able to meet you last month as we had planned. I was really looking forward to seeing you and catching up on old times, but unfortunately, I had to cancel our meeting at the last minute due to an urgent family matter that required my immediate attention.
I am truly sorry for any inconvenience this may have caused you. I understand that you must have been disappointed, and I want you to know that I share your disappointment. I hope you can forgive me for letting you down.
I would love to make it up to you by arranging another meeting soon. How about we meet up next month? I will be free on the weekends, and we can catch up over lunch or dinner. Please let me know if this works for you, and we can finalize the details.
Once again, I apologize for any inconvenience caused, and I hope to hear from you soon.
Best regards,
[Your Name]
IELTS Tổng quát Writing Task 2 – Hướng dẫn
Giới thiệu IELTS Writing Task 2 dạng tổng quát:
- Số điểm: chiếm 2/3 tổng điểm toàn bài.
- Độ dài: tối thiểu là 250 từ.
- Thời gian: làm bài của IELTS Writing Task 2 dạng tổng quát là 40 phút.
- Chủ đề: 1 bài luận xoay quanh các chủ đề mang tính xã hội, ví dụ như: Bảo vệ môi trường, Y tế, Giáo dục, v.v.
- Câu hỏi: 5 dạng thường xuất hiện: argumentative/opinion/agree or disagree essay; discussion essay; advantages and disadvantages essay; causes and effects/causes and solutions/problems and solutions essay; two-part question essay.
Về tiêu chí chấm điểm, IELTS Writing Task 2 giống với Task 1 cũng có 4 tiêu chí sau:
- Task achievement: Bài viết được viết để giải quyết hoặc trả lời câu hỏi/ vấn đề của đề bài đưa ra.
- Coherence and Cohesion: Đây là tiêu chí chấm cho bố cục mạch lạc và rõ ràng của bài viết.
- Lexical resource: Từ vựng được người thi sử dụng đa dạng.
- Grammatical range and accuracy: Các cấu trúc ngữ pháp được sử dụng phù hợp và chính xác.
Cách viết các dạng IELTS Writing Task 2, tuy có 5 dạng bài khác nhau, nhưng chúng đều có một cấu trúc cố định (Mở – Thân – Kết).
| Phân tích đề | Trước khi bắt đầu viết, 1-2 phút để phân tích, tránh tình trạng lạc đề khi làm bài. Bạn biết về dạng bài Writing, và yêu cầu đề bài cần phân tích. Gạch chân các từ khóa chính phụ và những từ hướng dẫn, gợi ý. |
| Introduction (mở bài) | Mở bài bao gồm 2 phần: Background sentence: Viết lại nội dung đề bài theo lời văn của mình để cung cấp một cái nhìn tổng quát về chủ đề. Thesis statement: Câu khẳng định về lập luận mà bạn chọn. |
| Body (Thân bài) | Bước vào phần quan trọng nhất của một bài IELTS Writing Task 2, bạn cần viết 2 đoạn thân bài. Và mỗi đoạn sẽ cần bao gồm những nội dung sau: Topic sentence: Câu mở đoạn, khái quát ý chính sẽ được nhắc đến và phân tích trong đoạn. Explanation: 3-4 câu giải thích cho topic sentence. Nội dung trong đoạn cần được giải thích, lập luận rõ ràng. Điều này nhằm thuyết phục người đọc đồng tình với ý kiến được nhắc đến trong đoạn. |
| Conclusion (Kết bài) | Không nên đưa thêm thông tin mới vào phần kết bài. Đây là lúc bạn tóm tắt lại những thông tin đã phân tích trong bài. Để kết bài, thí sinh có thể sử dụng những cụm từ như: In conclusion, In short… |
Đọc thêm thông tin: Cách tính điểm IELTS Writing – Hướng Dẫn Chi Tiết Cho Cả 2 Task
IELTS Writing Task 2 dạng tổng quát – Bài mẫu theo 5 chủ đề
Dưới đây là tổng hợp các bài mẫu writing task 2 theo 5 chủ đề thường gặp: xã hội, giáo dục, môi trường, culture,
SOCIETY – xã hội
Đề bài
Many men and women are making the decision to have children later in life. Why is this trend occurring? What are the impacts of this development on both family and society?
You should write at least 250 words.
Bài mẫu
Many men and women are choosing to have children later in life. This trend is occurring for several reasons. One reason is that people are focusing on their careers and financial stability before starting a family. Another reason is that people are waiting to find the right partner before having children. Additionally, advancements in medical technology have made it easier for people to have children later in life.
The impacts of this trend on both family and society are significant. For families, having children later in life can mean that parents have more life experience and are more financially stable. This can lead to a more stable and secure home environment for the child. However, there are also some potential negative impacts. For example, older parents may have less energy to keep up with young children, and there may be a greater risk of health complications during pregnancy and childbirth.
For society, the trend of having children later in life can have both positive and negative impacts. On the positive side, older parents may be more mature and better equipped to raise children. Additionally, older parents may be more financially stable, which can benefit the economy. However, there are also some potential negative impacts. For example, if more people delay having children, there may be a decline in the birth rate, which can have long-term economic and social consequences.
In conclusion, many men and women are choosing to have children later in life for a variety of reasons. While there are both positive and negative impacts of this trend on both family and society, it is clear that this trend is likely to continue in the future.
EDUCATION – giáo dục
Đề bài
Nations should spend more money on skills and vocational training for practical work, rather than on university education. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
You should write at least 250 words.
Bài mẫu
In response to the prompt, I strongly agree that nations should allocate more funds towards skills and vocational training for practical work. While university education is essential, it is not the only means of acquiring knowledge and skills.
Firstly, practical skills are in high demand in the workforce. Vocational training can equip individuals with the expertise to fill the gaps in the labor market rapidly. For instance, a surge in skilled laborers like electricians or plumbers can bolster a nation’s infrastructure and economy. In the same vein, vocational training can be seen as a catalyst for innovation. When technicians and craftsmen excel in their trades, it paves the way for enhanced productivity and, eventually, technological advancements.
Secondly, vocational training is more cost-effective than university education. University education is expensive, and not everyone can afford it. In contrast, vocational training is more affordable and accessible to a broader range of people. This accessibility can help reduce the skills gap in the workforce and promote social mobility.
In conclusion, nations should spend more money on skills and vocational training for practical work. By investing in vocational training, nations can equip their workforce with practical skills, promote social mobility, and foster innovation.
TECHNOLOGY – công nghệ
Đề bài
Some people think technology development decreases crime, while others believe it actually encourages crimes. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
You should write at least 250 words.
Bài mẫu
Some people believe that technological advancements have led to a decrease in crime rates, while others argue that it has encouraged the emergence of new forms of crime. In this essay, I will discuss both views and provide my own opinion.
On the one hand, proponents of the view that technology development decreases crime argue that technological advancements have led to the development of new tools and techniques that help law enforcement agencies to prevent and solve crimes. Additionally, thanks to the help of scientific advances such as DNA technology and many other modern technologies used in crime investigation, detectives nowadays can identify and locate crime suspects in a short period, which significantly reduces the number of criminals at large. Finally, by analyzing personal databases through prediction models, detectives now could arrest the potential offenders and stop them before the crime occurs, which is called crime prediction.
On the other hand, opponents of the view that technology development decreases crime argue that technological advancements have led to the emergence of new forms of crime. One major felony associated with it is cybercrime, which has caused millions of financial losses and drawn the attention of governments. For instance, hackers attack some company’s database by using a computer virus called ransomware to encrypt important data and ask for ransom before giving the data back. Other cybercrimes include identity theft which could affect most ordinary people. Hackers attack social media companies and steal users’ personal information such as name, date of birth, ID number, credit card number, etc. They then use these data to commit fraud such as applying for credit cards or medical services.
In my opinion, while technology does give birth to some new forms of crime, it helps to decrease the crime rate on the whole. The benefits of technology in preventing and solving crimes far outweigh the disadvantages. However, people should be educated to apply their technical skills in a productive way.
In conclusion, technological advancements have both positive and negative impacts on crime rates. While it has led to the development of new forms of crime, it has also led to the development of new tools and techniques that help law enforcement agencies to prevent and solve crimes. Therefore, it is important to strike a balance between technological advancements and crime prevention strategies.
ENVIRONMENT – môi trường
Đề bài
The increase in the production of consumer goods results in damage to the natural environment. What are the causes of this? What can be done to solve this problem?
You should write at least 250 words.
Bài mẫu
The increase in the production of consumer goods has resulted in significant damage to the natural environment. The causes of this are twofold.
Firstly, the manufacturing process of consumer goods produces a large amount of waste and toxic by-products that are harmful to the environment. As more goods are produced, more toxic wastes and emissions are released from factories into nature. Water sources are contaminated, and the air is severely polluted, which results in the deaths of many marine and terrestrial animals 1.
Secondly, the increasing demand for consumer goods has led to the exploitation of natural resources. Plastics and similar materials used for packaging are the reason for the degradation of the land. Consumer products like cars, electronic devices, and luxury items directly contribute to the temperature increase and greenhouse effect 2.
To solve this problem, several measures can be taken. Firstly, governments should impose strict regulations on the production of consumer goods. This could include limiting the amount of waste produced by factories and mandating the use of environmentally friendly materials. Secondly, consumers should be educated about the environmental impact of their consumption habits. They should be encouraged to reduce their consumption of non-essential goods and to recycle and reuse products wherever possible. Finally, companies should be incentivized to adopt sustainable practices in their production processes. This could include the use of renewable energy sources and the implementation of recycling programs 3.
In conclusion, the increase in the production of consumer goods has led to significant damage to the natural environment. However, by implementing strict regulations, educating consumers, and incentivizing companies to adopt sustainable practices, we can mitigate the negative impact of consumer goods production on the environment.
ECONOMY – kinh tế
Đề bài
Some experts believe that when a country is already rich, any additional increase in economic wealth does not make its citizens any more satisfied. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement?
You should write at least 250 words
Đề bài
Some experts believe that when a country is already rich, any additional increase in economic wealth does not make its citizens any more satisfied. I agree with this statement to a certain extent.
On the one hand, it is true that beyond a certain level of wealth, the increase in economic wealth does not necessarily lead to an increase in happiness. This is because people tend to compare their wealth and status with others, and once they reach a certain level of wealth, they start comparing themselves with those who are even wealthier. This phenomenon is known as the “hedonic treadmill” 1. Therefore, people’s satisfaction with their lives is not only determined by their absolute level of wealth but also by their relative wealth compared to others.
On the other hand, there are still many people in rich countries who are struggling to make ends meet. For these people, an increase in economic wealth would certainly lead to an increase in their satisfaction. Moreover, economic growth can lead to the creation of new jobs and opportunities, which can help to reduce poverty and improve the standard of living for many people.
In conclusion, while it is true that beyond a certain level of wealth, the increase in economic wealth does not necessarily lead to an increase in happiness, there are still many people who would benefit from an increase in economic wealth. Therefore, it is important to strike a balance between economic growth and social welfare policies that can help to reduce poverty and improve the standard of living for all citizens.
XEM THÊM:
- Các Dạng IELTS Writing Task 2: Hướng Dẫn Làm Bài Chi Tiết
- Bài Mẫu IELTS Writing Task 2 – Tổng Hợp Bài Mẫu Band 7.5
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